ʻIkepili o nā Paipu Hao Ductile
Hana ʻia me ka hao hoʻolei ductile i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka hoʻoili ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wai inu nona ke ola ma mua o 100 mau makahiki. ʻO kēia ʻano paipu he hoʻomohala pololei ia o ka paipu hao mua, kahi i pani ʻia e ia. Kūpono no ke kau ʻana i nā laina hoʻoili nui ma lalo o ka honua.
Nā kikoʻī o nā paipu hao ductile
| Inoa Huahana | Hao ductile i hoʻopaʻa ponoʻī ʻia, Paipu Hao Ductile me Spigot & Socket |
| Nā kikoʻī | ʻO ASTM A377 Ductile Iron, AASHTO M64 Cast Iron Culvert Pipes |
| Kūlana Maʻamau | ISO 2531, EN 545, EN598, GB13295, ASTM C151 |
| Pae Papa | C20, C25, C30, C40, C64, C50, C100 & Papa K7, K9 & K12 |
| Ka lōʻihi | 1-12 Mika a i ʻole e like me ke koi o ka mea kūʻai aku |
| Nā nui | DN 80 mm a i DN 2000 mm |
| ʻAno Hoʻohui | ʻAno T; Hoʻohui mīkini ʻano K; Heleuma ponoʻī |
| Uhi waho | ʻUlaʻula / Polū Epoxy a i ʻole ʻEleʻele Bitumen, Zn & Zn-AI Coatings, Metallic Zinc (130 gm/m2 a i ʻole 200 gm/m2 a i ʻole 400 gm/m2 e like me ka mea kūʻai aku'nā koi o s) e kūlike ana me nā kūlana ISO, IS, BS EN pili me kahi papa hoʻopau o Epoxy Coating / Black Bitumen (mānoanoa liʻiliʻi he 70 micron) e like me ka mea kūʻai aku'nā koi. |
| Uhi Kūloko | Ka uhi sima o ka uhi sima OPC/ SRC/ BFSC/ HAC e like me ke koi me ka sima Portland maʻamau a me ka sima kū'ē Sulphate e kūlike ana me nā kūlana IS, ISO, BS EN pili. |
| Uhi ʻana | ʻŌpīpī zinc metala me ka uhi bituminous (Ma waho) Ka uhi ʻana o ka sima sima (Ma loko). |
| Noi | Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu hao ductile no ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka wai ʻino, ka wai inu a me ka hoʻoinu wai. |
Nā Nui i Loaʻa i ka Waihona
| DN | Anawaena o waho [mm (in)] | Mānoanoa o ka paia [mm (in)] | ||
| Papa 40 | K9 | K10 | ||
| 40 | 56 (2.205) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 50 | 66 (2.598) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 60 | 77 (3.031) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 65 | 82 (3.228) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 80 | 98 (3.858) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 100 | 118 (4.646) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 125 | 144 (5.669) | 4.8 (0.189) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.0 (0.236) |
| 150 | 170 (6.693) | 5.0 (0.197) | 6.0 (0.236) | 6.5 (0.256) |
| 200 | 222 (8.740) | 5.4 (0.213) | 6.3 (0.248) | 7.0 (0.276) |
| 250 | 274 (10.787) | 5.8 (0.228) | 6.8 (0.268) | 7.5 (0.295) |
| 300 | 326 (12.835) | 6.2 (0.244) | 7.2 (0.283) | 8.0 (0.315) |
| 350 | 378 (14.882) | 7.0 (0.276) | 7.7 (0.303) | 8.5 (0.335) |
| 400 | 429 (16.890) | 7.8 (0.307) | 8.1 (0.319) | 9.0 (0.354) |
| 450 | 480 (18.898) | - | 8.6 (0.339) | 9.5 (0.374) |
| 500 | 532 (20.945) | - | 9.0 (0.354) | 10.0 (0.394) |
| 600 | 635 (25.000) | - | 9.9 (0.390) | 11.1 (0.437) |
| 700 | 738 (29.055) | - | 10.9 (0.429) | 12.0 (0.472) |
| 800 | 842 (33.150) | - | 11.7 (0.461) | 13.0 (0.512) |
| 900 | 945 (37.205) | - | 12.9 (0.508) | 14.1 (0.555) |
| 1000 | 1,048 (41.260) | - | 13.5 (0.531) | 15.0 (0.591) |
| 1100 | 1,152 (45.354) | - | 14.4 (0.567) | 16.0 (0.630) |
| 1200 | 1,255 (49.409) | - | 15.3 (0.602) | 17.0 (0.669) |
| 1400 | 1,462 (57.559) | - | 17.1 (0.673) | 19.0 (0.748) |
| 1500 | 1,565 (61.614) | - | 18.0 (0.709) | 20.0 (0.787) |
| 1600 | 1,668 (65.669) | - | 18.9 (0.744) | 51.0 (2.008) |
| 1800 | 1,875 (73.819) | - | 20.7 (0.815) | 23.0 (0.906) |
| 2000 | 2,082 (81.969) | - | 22.5 (0.886) | 25.0 (0.984) |
Nā noi o nā paipu DI
• Ma ka pūnaewele hoʻolaha o ka wai inu
• Ka hoʻoili ʻana o ka wai maka a me ka wai moakāka
• Hoʻolako wai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hale hana ʻoihana/hana hana
• ʻŌnaehana lawelawe a me ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka lehu-slurry
• Nā ʻōnaehana kinai ahi - ma uka a ma waho o ke kai
• I loko o nā hale hana desalination
• Ka nui o ka wai hoʻoneoneo a me ka wai ʻōpala
• ʻŌnaehana hōʻiliʻili a hoʻolei wai ʻino umekaumaha
• Paipu hoʻokahe wai ʻino
• ʻŌnaehana hoʻolei wai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home a me nā ʻoihana
• ʻŌnaehana hana hou
• Hana paipu i loko o nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai a me nā mea hoʻokahe wai
• Pili kū pololei i nā pono hana a me nā waihona wai
• Hoʻomoe ʻana i ka lepo no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lepo
• Nā paipu pale ma lalo o nā ala kaʻa nui
