Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kila ʻōwili wela a me ke kila ʻōwili anu

1. He aha nā papa mea kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia
He hao hao ke kila me kahi liʻiliʻi o ke kalapona. Loaʻa nā huahana kila i nā ʻano like ʻole ma muli o ka pakeneka o ke kalapona i loko. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa kila like ʻole e like me kā lākou mau mea kalapona. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā papa kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia i nā hui kalapona penei:
ʻO ke kila haʻahaʻa kalapona a i ʻole ke kila palupalu he 0.3% a emi mai paha ke kalapona ma ka nui.
Aia i loko o ke kila kalapona waena he 0.3% a i 0.6% kalapona.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kalapona ma mua o 0.6% o nā kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe e like me chromium, manganese a tungsten paha e hana i nā ʻano kila he nui. Hāʻawi nā ʻano kila like ʻole i kekahi mau waiwai kūikawā e like me ka ikaika tensile, ductility, malleability, durability, a me ka thermal a me ka uila conductivity.

2. Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kila ʻōwili wela a me ke kila ʻōwili anu
Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā huahana kila ma nā ʻano nui ʻelua: ka ʻōwili wela a i ʻole ka ʻōwili anu. ʻO ke kila ʻōwili wela ke kaʻina hana wili e kaomi ʻia ai ke kila ma kahi mahana kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻoi aku ka mahana no ke kila ʻōwili wela ma mua o 1700°F. ʻO ke kila ʻōwili anu kahi kaʻina hana e kaomi ʻia ai ke kila ma ka mahana o ka lumi.
He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻaʻole nā ​​kila ʻōwili wela a me ke kila ʻōwili anu he mau papa kila. ʻO lākou nā ʻano hana hana mua i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻano huahana kila like ʻole.
Kaʻina Hana Kila Wela
ʻO ke kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka ʻōwili ʻana i nā papa kila i loko o kahi ʻāpana lōʻihi aʻo ka hoʻomehana ʻia ma luna o kona mahana ʻōwili kūpono. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka papa wela ʻulaʻula ma o kahi moʻo o nā wili ʻōwili e hana a hoʻolōʻihi iā ia i loko o kahi ʻāpana lahilahi. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana, hoʻomaʻalili ʻia ka ʻāpana kila me ka wai a ʻōwili ʻia i loko o kahi ʻōwili. Hoʻomohala nā ʻano hoʻomaʻalili wai like ʻole i nā waiwai metallurgical ʻē aʻe i ke kila.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia i ka mahana o ka lumi e ʻae ai i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka ductility.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kila i ʻōwili wela no ke kūkulu ʻana, nā ala kaʻaahi, nā pepa metala, a me nā noi ʻē aʻe i ʻole e koi i nā hoʻopau nani a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻano kikoʻī a me nā hoʻomanawanui.
Kaʻina Hana Kila ʻŌwili Anu
Hoʻomehana ʻia a hoʻomaʻalili ʻia ke kila ʻōwili anu e like me ke kila ʻōwili wela akā a laila hana hou ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka annealing a i ʻole ka temper rolling e hoʻomohala i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika hua. Hoʻohui ka hana hou a me ka manawa no ka hana ʻana i ke kumukūʻai akā ʻae i nā ʻae ʻana o ka dimensional kokoke a hāʻawi i kahi ākea o nā koho hoʻopau. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia ʻano kila a hoʻohana ʻia i nā noi e koi ana i kahi kūlana ʻili kikoʻī a me ka ʻae ʻana o ka dimensional.
ʻO nā hoʻohana maʻamau no ke kila i ʻōwili anu ʻia e komo pū me nā ʻāpana kūkulu, nā lako metala, nā mīkini home, nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā noi loea kahi e pono ai ka pololei a i ʻole ka nani.

3. Nā Papa Kila Wela i ʻōwili ʻia
Loaʻa ke kila ʻōwili wela i kekahi mau papa e hoʻokō ai i nā kikoʻī o kāu papahana. Hoʻonohonoho ka American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) a i ʻole ka Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) i nā kūlana a me nā papa e like me ke ʻano kino a me nā hiki o kēlā me kēia metala.
Hoʻomaka nā papa kila ASTM me ka leka "A" ʻo ia hoʻi nā metala ferrous. Hoʻohana ka ʻōnaehana papa SAE (ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka ʻōnaehana American Iron and Steel Institute a i ʻole AISI) i kahi helu ʻehā huahelu no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana. Hoʻomaka nā papa kila kalapona maʻamau i kēia ʻōnaehana me ka helu 10, a ukali ʻia e ʻelua mau helu piha e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ke kalapona.
Eia nā papa maʻamau o ke kila ʻōwili wela. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻomaopopo ʻia aia kekahi mau huahana i nā koho ʻōwili wela a me nā koho ʻōwili anu.

A36 kila ʻōwili wela
ʻO ke kila A36 i ʻōwili wela ʻia kekahi o nā kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia i loaʻa (loaʻa pū kekahi i kahi mana i ʻōwili anu ʻia, ʻaʻole i maʻamau). Mālama kēia kila kalapona haʻahaʻa i ka emi ma mua o 0.3% o ke kalapona ma ke kaumaha, 1.03% manganese, 0.28% silicon, 0.2% keleawe, 0.04% phosphorus, a me 0.05% sulfur. ʻO nā noi ʻoihana kila A36 maʻamau e komo pū me:
Nā mōlina kalaka
Nā lako mahiʻai
Nā papa
Nā ala hele wāwae, nā alapiʻi, a me nā ala kiaʻi
Kākoʻo kūkulu
Nā Kaʻa Hoʻoili
Hana ʻana maʻamau

1018 ʻŌmole kila kalapona i ʻōwili wela ʻia
Ma hope o A36, ʻo AISI/SAE 1018 kekahi o nā papa kila maʻamau. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia kēia papa ma mua o A36 no nā ʻano kaola a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana. Loaʻa nā mea kila 1018 i nā ʻano ʻōwili wela a me nā ʻano ʻōwili anu, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana pinepine ʻia o ka ʻōwili anu. ʻOi aku ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o nā ʻano ʻelua ma mua o A36 a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no nā hana hoʻokumu anu, e like me ke kulou ʻana a i ʻole ke kuʻi ʻana. Loaʻa i ka 1018 he 0.18% kalapona a me 0.6-0.9% manganese wale nō, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o A36. Loaʻa pū kekahi mau koena o ka phosphorous a me ka sulfur akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā haumia ma mua o A36.
ʻO nā noi kila 1018 maʻamau e komo pū me:
Nā mea hana
Nā Pinion
Nā ʻūpā
Nā paheʻe mea hana ʻaila
Nā pine
Nā pine kaulahao
Nā Laina
Nā kui
Nā pine heleuma

1011 Pepa kila ʻōwili wela
1011 Hāʻawi ka pepa kila a me ka papa i ʻōwili wela i kahi ʻili ʻoi aku ka ʻino ma mua o ke kila a me ka papa i ʻōwili anu ʻia. Ke galvanized ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia i nā noi kahi e pono ai ke kūpaʻa i ka pala. ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka pepa kila HR hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia he maʻalahi ke wili, hana a hoʻopili. Loaʻa ka pepa kila a me ka papa i ʻōwili wela ʻia ma ke ʻano he P&O maʻamau i ʻōwili wela ʻia a i ʻole ka P&O i ʻōwili wela ʻia.
ʻO kekahi o nā pono e pili ana me ka pepa kila a me ka pā i ʻōwili wela ʻia he 1011, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka malleability, ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻana, a me ka haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻōwili anu. ʻO nā noi e pili ana i:
Ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana
Kaʻa a me ka halihali
Nā ipu hoʻouna
Kaupaku
Nā lako hana
Nā lako kaumaha

Kila ASTM A513 i ʻōwili wela ʻia
ʻO ke kikoʻī ASTM A513 no nā paipu kila kalapona i ʻōwili wela ʻia. Hana ʻia nā paipu kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia ma ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka metala pepa wela ma o nā wili e hoʻokō i nā ana kino kikoʻī. Loaʻa i ka huahana i hoʻopau ʻia kahi ʻili ʻino me nā kihi radius a me kahi kūkulu welded a seamless paha. Ma muli o kēia mau kumu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paipu kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia no nā noi ʻaʻole pono nā ʻano kikoʻī a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ʻae ʻana paʻa.
He maʻalahi ke ʻoki, hoʻoheheʻe, hana, a mīkini i ka paipu kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā noi ʻoihana he nui, e like me:
Nā kau ʻenekini
Nā ʻūpā
Ke kūkulu hale/hoʻolālā hale
Nā kaʻa a me nā lako pili (nā kaʻa kauō, a pēlā aku)
Nā lako hana ʻoihana
Nā mōlina panela lā
Nā lako hale
Mokulele/lewa mokulele
Nā lako mahiʻai

Kila ASTM A786 i ʻōwili wela ʻia
ʻO ke kila ASTM A786 i ʻōwili wela ʻia he ʻōwili wela me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hana pinepine ʻia ia no nā papa kila no nā noi aʻe:
Papahele
Alanui hele wāwae

1020/1025 Kila ʻōwili wela
He kūpono no nā hana kūkulu hale a me nā hana ʻenekinia, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kila 1020/1025 no nā hana aʻe:
Nā mea hana a me nā make
Nā ʻāpana mīkini
Nā lako kaʻa
Nā lako hana ʻoihana

Inā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ana e kūʻai i ka ʻōwili wela, ka pepa ʻōwili wela, ka ʻōwili anu, ka pā ʻōwili anu, e ʻike i nā koho a JINDALAI nou a e noʻonoʻo e hoʻokaʻaʻike aku i kā mākou hui no ka ʻike hou aku. E hāʻawi mākou iā ʻoe i ka hopena maikaʻi loa no kāu papahana. E ʻoluʻolu e hoʻokaʻaʻike mai iā mākou.

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