Hoʻolauna i ke kila make hana anu

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila make hana anu no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ke kūlou ʻana, ka extrusion anu, ke kaha kiʻi anu, nā make metallurgy pauka, a pēlā aku. Pono ia i ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī lawa. Ma ke ʻano laulā, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ke ʻano laulā a me ke ʻano kūikawā. No ka laʻana, ʻo ke kila make hana anu maʻamau ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e komo pū ana me ʻehā mau papa kila: 01, A2, D2, a me D3. Hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā papa kila o ke kila make alloy hana anu maʻamau ma nā ʻāina like ʻole ma ka Papa 4. Wahi a ke kūlana JIS Kepanī, ʻo nā ʻano nui o ke kila make hana anu e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ka moʻo SK, me ke kila mea hana kalapona moʻo SK, 8 mau kila mea hana alloy moʻo SKD, a me 9 mau kila wikiwiki moʻo SKHMO, no ka huina o 24 mau papa kila. ʻO ke kūlana kila mea hana alloy GB/T1299-2000 o Kina e komo pū ana me 11 mau ʻano kila, e hana ana i kahi moʻo piha. Me nā loli i ka ʻenehana hana, nā mea i hana ʻia a me ke koi no nā ʻōmole, ʻaʻole hiki i ka moʻo kumu mua ke hoʻokō i nā pono. Ua hoʻomohala nā hale wili kila Kepani a me nā mea hana kila nui ʻEulopa i nā kila make hana anu kūikawā, a ua hoʻokumu mālie i nā ʻano kila make hana anu, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia mau kila make hana anu ke ala hoʻomohala o ke kila make hana anu.

Hana anu hana hoʻoheheʻe ea me ka hao haʻahaʻa

Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana mālama wela, ʻoiai ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o ka ʻenehana quenching vacuum i ka ʻoihana mold, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka deformation quenching, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau kila micro-deformation quenched air haʻahaʻa ma ka home a ma waho. Pono kēia ʻano kila i ka paʻakikī maikaʻi a me ka mālama wela. He liʻiliʻi ka deformation, ikaika maikaʻi a me ka paʻakikī, a he kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu. ʻOiai he paʻakikī maikaʻi ke kila make hana anu kiʻekiʻe maʻamau (e like me D2, A2), he nui ka ʻike alloy a he pipiʻi. No laila, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau kila micro-deformation haʻahaʻa ma ka home a ma waho. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano kila nā mea alloy Cr a me Mn e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī. ʻO ka nui o nā mea alloy ma ka maʻamau he <5%. He kūpono ia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana pololei me nā pūʻulu hana liʻiliʻi. Nā mold paʻakikī. ʻO nā papa kila i koho ʻia e komo pū ana me A6 mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ACD37 mai Hitachi Metals, G04 mai Daido Special Steel, AKS3 mai Aichi Steel, a pēlā aku. ʻO ke kila GD Kina, ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana ma 900°C a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma 200°C, hiki ke mālama i kahi nui o ka austenite i mālama ʻia a he ikaika maikaʻi, paʻakikī a me ke kūpaʻa o ka dimensional. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā make stamping anu i maʻalahi i ka chipping a me ka haki. Ola lawelawe kiʻekiʻe.

Ke kila hoʻoheheʻe i hoʻopau ʻia i ke ahi

I mea e pōkole ai ke kaʻina hana hana ʻana o ka mold, e hoʻomaʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana wela, e mālama i ka ikehu a hoʻemi i ke kumukūʻai hana o ka mold. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Iapana i kekahi mau kila make hana anu kūikawā no nā koi hoʻopau lapalapa. ʻO nā mea maʻamau e komo pū me Aichi Steel's SX105V (7CrSiMnMoV), SX4 (Cr8), Hitachi Metal's HMD5, HMD1, Datong Special Steel Company's G05 steel, etc. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Kina i ka 7Cr7SiMnMoV. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano kila e hoʻomehana i ka pahi a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka mold me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pū pīpī oxyacetylene a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻomehana ʻē aʻe ma hope o ka hana ʻana o ka mold a laila hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i ka ea a hoʻopau ʻia. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻohana pololei ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana. Ma muli o kāna kaʻina hana maʻalahi, hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Iapana. ʻO ke ʻano kila koho o kēia ʻano kila he 7CrSiMnMoV, nona ka paʻakikī maikaʻi. Ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kila φ80mm i ka ʻaila, hiki i ka paʻakikī ma kahi mamao o 30mm mai ka ʻili ke hiki i ka 60HRC. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa o ka paʻakikī ma waena o ke kumu a me ka ʻili he 3HRC. I ka wā e kinai ai i ka lapalapa, ma hope o ka hoʻomehana mua ʻana ma 180 ~ 200 °C a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana i 900-1000 °C no ka kinai ʻana me ka pū pīpī, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke piʻi ma luna o 60HRC a hiki ke loaʻa kahi papa paʻakikī ma luna o 1.5mm.

ʻO ke kila make hana anu, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻaʻahu

I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka paʻakikī o ke kila make hana anu a hōʻemi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ke kila, ua hoʻomohala mau kekahi mau ʻoihana hana kila hoʻoheheʻe haole nui i kahi moʻo o nā kila make hana anu me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ke kapa. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano kila ma kahi o 1% kalapona a me 8% Cr. Me ka hoʻohui ʻana o Mo, V, Si a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe, ua maikaʻi kona carbides, ua hoʻolaha like ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona paʻakikī ma mua o ke kila ʻano Cr12, ʻoiai ua like kona kūpaʻa ʻana. . He kiʻekiʻe ko lākou paʻakikī, ka ikaika flexural, ka ikaika luhi a me ka paʻakikī haki, a ʻoi aku hoʻi ko lākou kūpaʻa anti-tempering ma mua o ke kila hoʻoheheʻe ʻano Crl2. He kūpono lākou no nā punch wikiwiki a me nā punch multi-station. ʻO nā ʻano kila i koho ʻia o kēia ʻano kila ʻo ia ka DC53 o Iapana me ka haʻahaʻa V a me CRU-WEAR me ka nui V. Hoʻopau ʻia ka DC53 ma 1020-1040°C a hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i ka 62-63HRC ma hope o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana o ka ea. Hiki ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i ka mahana haʻahaʻa (180 ~200 ℃) a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe (500 ~ 550 ℃), hiki i kona paʻakikī ke 1 manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o D2, a ʻo kāna hana luhi he 20% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o D2; ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka ʻōwili ʻana o CRU-WEAR, ua hoʻomehana ʻia a austenitized ʻia ma 850-870 ℃. Ma lalo o 30 ℃/hola, hoʻomaʻalili ʻia i 650 ℃ a hoʻokuʻu ʻia, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i 225-255HB, hiki ke koho ʻia ka mahana quenching ma ka laulā o 1020 ~ 1120 ℃, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i 63HRC, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ma 480 ~ 570 ℃ e like me nā kūlana hoʻohana, me ka hopena paʻakikī lua maopopo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena paʻakikī, ke kū'ē ʻana i ke komo ʻana a me ka paʻakikī ma mua o D2.

Ke kila kumu (kila wikiwiki)

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ke kila wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma waho e hana i nā ʻōmole hana anu kiʻekiʻe a lōʻihi ke ola ma muli o kona kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana a me ka paʻakikī ʻulaʻula, e like me ke kila wikiwiki maʻamau o Iapana SKH51 (W6Mo5Cr4V2). I mea e hoʻololi ai i nā koi o ka ʻōmole, hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ʻia ka paʻakikī ma ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka mahana quenching, ka paʻakikī quenching a i ʻole ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nui o ke kalapona i ke kila wikiwiki. Hoʻomohala ʻia ke kila Matrix mai ke kila wikiwiki, a ua like kona ʻano kemika me ka ʻano matrix o ke kila wikiwiki ma hope o ka quenching. No laila, he liʻiliʻi a hoʻolaha like ʻia ka nui o nā carbides i koe ma hope o ka quenching, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ka paʻakikī o ke kila i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila wikiwiki. Ua aʻo ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Iapana i nā kila kumu me nā papa VascoMA, VascoMatrix1 a me MOD2 i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1970. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia ʻo DRM1, DRM2, DRM3, a pēlā aku. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā ʻōmole hana anu e pono ai ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa anti-tempering maikaʻi. Ua hoʻomohala pū ʻo Kina i kekahi mau kila kumu, e like me 65Nb (65Cr4W3Mo2VNb), 65W8Cr4VTi, 65Cr5Mo3W2VSiTi a me nā kila ʻē aʻe. He ikaika a paʻa maikaʻi kēia ʻano kila a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka extrusion anu, ka punching anuanu papa mānoanoa, nā huila ʻōwili kaula, nā make impression, nā make poʻo anu, a pēlā aku, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā make extrusion mahana.

Ke kila hoʻoheheʻe pauka

ʻO ke kila make hana anu kiʻekiʻe-alloy ʻano LEDB i hana ʻia e nā kaʻina hana maʻamau, ʻoiai nā mea ʻāpana nui, he mau carbides eutectic coarse a me ka hoʻolaha like ʻole, kahi e hōʻemi nui ai i ka paʻakikī, ka wili a me ka isotropy o ke kila. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua kālele nā ​​​​hui kila kūikawā haole nui e hana ana i nā mea hana a me nā kila make i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi moʻo o ka pauka metallurgy kila wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe a me ke kila make alloy kiʻekiʻe, kahi i alakaʻi ai i ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o kēia ʻano kila. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaʻina hana pauka metallurgy, hoʻomaʻalili koke ka pauka kila atomized a he maikaʻi a like nā carbides i hana ʻia, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ka paʻakikī, ka wili a me ka isotropy o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe. Ma muli o kēia kaʻina hana hana kūikawā, he maikaʻi a like nā carbides, a ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hana mīkini a me ka wili ʻana, e ʻae ana i ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o ke kalapona a me ka vanadium kiʻekiʻe i ke kila, no laila e hoʻomohala ana i kahi moʻo o nā ʻano kila hou. Eia kekahi laʻana, ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka moʻo DEX a Datong o Iapana (DEX40, DEX60, DEX80, a pēlā aku), ka moʻo HAP a Hitachi Metal, ka moʻo FAX a Fujikoshi, ka moʻo VANADIS a UDDEHOLM, ka moʻo ASP a Erasteel o Farani, a me ke kila kila a me ka make o ka hui CRUCIBLE ʻAmelika. Ke hana nei i kahi moʻo o nā kila kila e like me CPMlV, CPM3V, CPMlOV, CPM15V, a pēlā aku, ua hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ko lākou kūpaʻa a me ka paʻakikī i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kila kila a me ka make i hana ʻia e nā kaʻina hana maʻamau.